xi    Foreword
xiii    Preface
1    Chapter 1  Introduction to acupuncture treatment
    during pregnancy and childbirth
1    Safety of treatment
2    Point selection: contraindicated points
3    Needling techniques
3        Number of needles
3        Needle technique
4        Deqi
4        Tonification method
4        Reducing method
4        Even method
4        Ear press needles on body points
5    Moxibustion
5    Positioning and comfort for treatment
5    Working with midwives and doctors
6    Physiological changes in pregnancy
7    The pulse in pregnancy

8    Chapter 2  Miscarriage
8    Western medical information
8        Threatened miscarriage
8        Inevitable miscarriage
9        Missed miscarriage
10        Bleeding in pregnancy
10        Ectopic pregnancy
10        Trophoblastic disease
11        Placenta previa
11        Abruptio placenta
11    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint  
11        Threatened miscarriage
14        Inevitable or missed miscarriage

19    Chapter 3  Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy
19    Western medicine information  
20    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint  
33    Chapter 4  Heartburn
33    Western medical information
34    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

37    Chapter 5  Constipation
37    Western medical information
37    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

41    Chapter 6  Varicose veins, haemorrhoids and vulval varicosities
41    Western medical information
41        Varicose veins  
41        Thrombophlebitis and deep vein thrombosis
42        Haemorrhoids  
42        Vulval varicosity  
43    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

49    Chapter 7  Urinary tract infections
49    Western medical information
50    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

55    Chapter 8  Musculoskeletal conditions
55    Western medical information
55    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint
57        Rib pain
57        Pain of the symphysis pubis  
58        Pain of the neck and upper back
58        Lower back pain and sciatica
59        Carpal tunnel syndrome
60        Leg cramps  

67    Chapter 9  Fatigue and exhaustion
67    Western medical information
67    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

75    Chapter 10  Anaemia
75    Western medical information
76    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint
79    Western dietary advice
79    Chinese dietary advice

82    Chapter 11  Insomnia
82    Western medical information
82    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

87    Chapter 12  Anxiety and depression in pregnancy
87    Western medical information
87    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint
94    Chapter 13  Vaginal discharge and itching
94    Western medical information
95    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

99    Chapter 14  Itching in pregnancy
99    Western medical information
99        PUPPP (pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy)
99        Papular dermatitis of pregnancy
99        Prurigo gestationis  
100    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

104    Chapter 15  Sinusitis
104    Western medical information
104    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

108    Chapter 16  Pregnancy-induced hypertension
108    Western medical information
108        Blood pressure changes  
109        Protein
109        Oedema  
109    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

117    Chapter 17  Oedema
117    Western medical information
117    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

122    Chapter 18  Small-for-dates babies
    (intrauterine growth retardation)
122    Western medical information
122        Maternal illness
122        Pregnancy related illness
122        Maternal lifestyle factors
123    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

128    Chapter 19  Breech and posterior positions
128    Western medical information
129        Malposition
130        Malpresentation  
130        Breech presentation
130        Other malpostitions and their complications during labour
131        Correction of foetal position
131    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint
135    Clinical studies

139    Chapter 20  Acupuncture as a routine prebirth treatment
139    Western medical information
140    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint
148    Chapter 21  Induction
148    Western medical information
149        Reasons for induction
150    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint
150        Acupuncture points to promote labour

160    Chapter 22  Intrauterine death
160    Western medical information
160    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint

165    Chapter 23  Acupressure in labour
165    Using acupressure to promote an efficient labour
166    Teaching acupressure  
167    The acupressure points
171    Feedback on using acupressure

173    Chapter 24  Labour and delivery
173    Western medical information
173        The first stage of labour
175        The second stage of labour
175        The third stage of labour
176        Medical intervention in labour  
177    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint
177        Uterine contractions in a labour with failure to progress
178        Unfavourable cervical dilation and effacement
178        Malposition
178        Premature rupturing of the membranes
179        Retention of the placenta
179        Clinical practice: points to promote labour
183    Research and experience from midwives
183    Comments by women on their experience of having
    acupuncture during labour  

189    Chapter 25  Postnatal treatment
189    Western medical information
190        Possible complications  
190        Retained products
191        The development of a deep vein thrombosis
191        Infection of the caesarean scar
191        Mastitis
192        Depression
192    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint
192        Postnatal tonification treatment
193        Mother warming
193        Other tonification treatment
195        Persistent uterine bleeding
197        Afterpains
199        Night sweats
199        Perineal discomfort
199        Breast-feeding problems
199        Insufficient lactation
201        Mastitis
202        Postnatal depression

210    Chapter 26  A review of research into the application of acupuncture in pregnancy
210    Acupuncture and pelvic pain in pregnancy
212    Acupuncture and morning sickness
214    Moxibustion for breech presentation
216    Prebirth acupuncture
218    Acupuncture for cervical ripening

221    Chapter 27  Dietary advice during and after pregnancy
221    Western medical information
223        Protein
224        Fats
225        Carbohydrates
225        Vitamins
225        Minerals
226        Diet during pregnancy
227        Recommended nutrients during pregnancy
233        Foods to be avoided or approached with caution in pregnancy
235    A traditional Chinese medicine viewpoint
235        Nutrition according to Chinese medicine
235        The five flavours and the four natures of food
236        Strengthening the Spleen  
238        Diet during pregnancy

251    Appendix 1  Moxibustion therapy
251    Guidelines for using moxa
252    How to use the moxa stick

253    Appendix 2  Determining a pregnancy and estimating the due date
253    Determining a pregnancy  
254    Estimating the date of delivery

256    Appendix 3  Antenatal tests for foetal abnormalities and maternal problems
256    Ultrasound
257    Nuchal ultrasound
257    AFP (alpha fetoprotein) test
257    Chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis
258    Antenatal tests for maternal problems
258    Blood tests
258    Urine tests
259    Blood pressure readings
259    Vaginal swabs

260    Appendix 4  Western medicine glossary

266    Appendix 5  Chinese medicine glossary

278    Appendix 6  A pictorial representation of pregnancy and birth

283    Appendix 7  Location and needling of points used in the text
283    Area 1: Points of the hand (dorsum)
285    Area 2: Points of the medial and lateral forearm
287    Area 3: Points of the face and head
289    Area 4: Points of the back
294    Area 5: Points of the lower abdomen
295    Area 6: Points of the upper abdomen
297    Area 7: Points of the anterior and lateral lower leg
    and the foot (plantar)
299    Area 8: Points of the medial and posterior lower leg
301    Area 9: Points of the top of the foot
303    Area 10: Points of the medial and lateral foot and ankle

305    Appendix 8  Developing an acupuncture practice for pregnancy and childbirth

307    Appendix 9  Acupuncture in midwifery practice (by Lisa Errol)

310    Bibliography

313    Index

319    Point location index

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